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Controlled Free-radical Polymerizations: Review on Experimental and Modeling Studies (2018)

  • Autor:
  • Autor USP: AGUIAR, LEANDRO GONÇALVES DE - EEL
  • Unidade: EEL
  • Sigla do Departamento: LOQ
  • DOI: 10.2174/138527282213180724151343
  • Assunto: QUÍMICA ORGÂNICA
  • Language: Inglês
  • Abstract: In Organic Chemistry, the field of polymeric materials relies on prominent studies to find solutions for the design of specific chemical structures. Controlled Free-Radical Polymerization comprises synthesis techniques, such as Nitroxide-mediated (NMRP), Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) and Atom-transfer (ATRP) Radical Polymerizations, which aim to improve homogeneity of polymer chain in comparison with conventional polymerization. These homogeneous structures are subject of the study for applications in lenses, artificial organs, drug delivery devices, among others. Reviews on specific topics about controlled polymerizations, with both experimental and modeling approaches, are reported in the present mini thematic issue. The first review was written by Dr. Bingjie Zhang and collaborators from Soochow University, China. In this contribution, the authors present the ATRP technique associated to the separation and recycling of metal catalysts. The paper is focused on recyclable liquid/liquid thermo-regulated phase separable catalysis (TPSC) strategy applied in ATRP, which provides a facile and efficient method, combining homogeneous reaction with heterogeneous separation just by simply changing the temperature. The current knowledge points out the TPSC-based ATRP as a method to keep high recycle efficiency (low residual of metal catalyst in polymers) and “living”/controlled features even after several recycle turnovers. The review brings an important background for further studies on the strategies of simultaneous separation and recycling of both ligands and catalysts and the facile and highly efficient iron-based catalyst separation and recycle systems. The ATRP review is followed by the NMRP technique applied to different monomer systems, whose collection of studies were summarized by Dr. Milan Mari, from McGill University, Canada.NMRP is known to be restricted to styrenic polymerizations. The review brings together a second generation-nitroxides studies that indicate the possibility of conducting controlled homopolymerizations (predictable degree of polymerization with conversion, high chain end fidelity and narrow molecular weight distributions) of acrylates, acrylamides and dienes. Vinyl esters have been homopolymerized effectively recently, and some like vinyl acetate can be copolymerized in an alternating fashion with the appropriate choice of comonomer. The gathered information give subsidies for further studies on other monomer families such as vinyl azlactones and cyclic ketene acetals, representing an interesting potential area for NMRP that has not been fully explored: biological materials, particularly since they contain no metallic residues. The mini thematic issue closes with the review of the researchers Palmiero, Singh and Moscatelli from Politecnico di Milano, Italy. The authors describe the reversible addition chain transfer polymerization (RAFT), which is one of the most important techniques to control the molecular weight and the chain distribution of the polymers made via radical chemistry. Its application to the aqueous dispersed systems is an important step to improve the control of relevant polymers due to the advantages in the control of the reaction and to avoid the environmental issues related to the use of organic solvents. A brief overview on different techniques used to perform a well-controlled RAFT polymerization to aqueous disperse system is critically revised.In summary, this special issue brings a collection of three reviews on the main controlled polymerization techniques written by renowned specialists in the field. The guest editor acknowledges all the authors and referees who contributed to this issue, as well as Bentham Science Publishers team and in particular, Abeerah Hashim, Rabia Gulzar and Sanober Maqbool who supervised the publication procedure.
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    • Acesso à fonteDOI
    Informações sobre o DOI: 10.2174/138527282213180724151343 (Fonte: oaDOI API)
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    • ABNT

      AGUIAR, Leandro Gonçalves de. Controlled Free-radical Polymerizations: Review on Experimental and Modeling Studies. Current organic chemistry. Budapeste: Bentham Science. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.2174/138527282213180724151343. Acesso em: 29 dez. 2025. , 2018

    • APA

      Aguiar, L. G. de. (2018). Controlled Free-radical Polymerizations: Review on Experimental and Modeling Studies. Current organic chemistry. Budapeste: Bentham Science. doi:10.2174/138527282213180724151343

    • NLM

      Aguiar LG de. Controlled Free-radical Polymerizations: Review on Experimental and Modeling Studies [Internet]. Current organic chemistry. 2018 ; 22( 13): 1255-1255.[citado 2025 dez. 29 ] Available from: https://doi.org/10.2174/138527282213180724151343

    • Vancouver

      Aguiar LG de. Controlled Free-radical Polymerizations: Review on Experimental and Modeling Studies [Internet]. Current organic chemistry. 2018 ; 22( 13): 1255-1255.[citado 2025 dez. 29 ] Available from: https://doi.org/10.2174/138527282213180724151343

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